How to design solar led street lights

Solar LED street lights are composed of solar cells, wind generators, storage batteries, controllers, inverters, LED street lights, mounting brackets and light poles. According to the combination of structures, they are divided into wind-solar hybrids, Mains complementary and independent types.

Constrained by factors such as the distribution density of sunlight, lighting time, continuous cloudy weather, snow and rain, etc., the capacity of PV or storage battery is usually calculated accurately, and the complementary of wind and solar or city power is used to ensure the lighting needs of the project. .

When designing or determining the plan of solar LED street lights, the components should meet the requirements of the corresponding national standards. If there is no corresponding national standard, they should be implemented in accordance with the requirements of IEC standards, industry standards, alliance standards or corporate standards to ensure product safety and Performance meets standard requirements.

PV should meet the requirements of GB/T 9535-2006 'Design, Appraisal and Finalization of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules for Ground Use'. Fixed valve-regulated lead-acid batteries should meet the corresponding requirements of the GB/T 19638 series of standards. Lead-acid batteries should meet the corresponding requirements of the GB/T 19639 series of standards, the controller and inverter should meet the requirements of GB/T 26849-2011 'Performance Requirements for Electronic Control Devices for Solar Photovoltaic LightingAccording to the 7000.5 standard, components such as light poles and mounting brackets should meet the requirements of Article 6.5 of the GB 24460-2009 standard.

1. Solar cell

PV is a photoelectric semiconductor component that converts light energy into electrical energy through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect, and can output voltage and generate current when there is a circuit, and has certain anti-corrosion and rain-proof , Anti-hail and wind resistance.

The controller is the core component of the solar LED street light. On the one hand, it controls the charging and discharging of the battery to protect the battery from overcharging. On the other hand, it switches and adjusts the working mode of the battery pack according to the changes in the PV receiving sunlight and load. And distribute the electric energy of the battery to the load LED lights after a constant current.

2, battery

The battery is used as the energy storage unit of the solar LED street lamp. PV converts the received effective light energy into electric energy and inputs it into the battery for storage, and provides electric energy for the LED street lamp when lighting needs.

Usually a single battery has protections against abnormalities such as overvoltage, undervoltage and overtemperature, as well as protection functions such as overcharge, overdischarge, and overcurrent. When charging, it can regenerate the active material in the battery (store electrical energy as chemical energy). When discharging, the chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.

3. Controller

The controller is the core component of the solar LED street light. On the one hand, it controls the charging and discharging of the battery to protect the battery from overcharging. On the other hand, it switches and adjusts the working mode of the battery pack according to the changes in the PV receiving sunlight and load. And distribute the electric energy of the battery to the load LED lights after a constant current.

The controller plays a key role in the continuity and stability of the system, and should comply with the current national standard GB/T 26849, which requires that the maximum no-load current should not exceed 1% of its rated current for low power consumption. The controller and coordinator with intelligent control function use wireless communication or power line carrier technology to form a system network, real-time grasp LED street lights and environmental conditions, perform data analysis and processing, and send control instructions according to LED street lights and electrical energy conditions to realize LED street lights Intelligent monitoring and control of illuminance and electric energy distribution after networking will change the current situation of decentralized and independent control of solar LED street lights, using wireless networking and intelligent control systems.